Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation with $ Z_2 $ symmetry and spatiotemporal dynamics in diffusive Rosenzweig-MacArthur model involving nonlocal prey competition
نویسندگان
چکیده
<p style='text-indent:20px;'>A diffusive Rosenzweig-MacArthur model involving nonlocal prey competition is studied. Via considering joint effects of prey's carrying capacity and predator's diffusion rate, the first Turing (Hopf) bifurcation curve precisely described, which can help to determine parameter region where coexistence equilibrium stable. Particularly, lose its stability through not only codimension one bifurcation, but also two Bogdanov-Takens, Turing-Hopf Hopf-Hopf bifurcations, even three Bogdanov-Takens-Hopf etc., thus concept instability extended high instability, such as Bogdanov-Takens instability. To meticulously describe spatiotemporal patterns resulting from <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ Z_2 $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> symmetric corresponding third-order normal form for partial functional differential equations (PFDEs) interactions derived, expressed concisely by original PFDEs' parameters, making it convenient analyze parameters on dynamics calculate computer. With aid these formulas, complex are theoretically predicted numerically shown, including tri-stable nonuniform with shape id="M3">\begin{document}$ \cos \omega t\cos \frac{x}{l}- $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>like or id="M4">\begin{document}$ $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>like, reflects interactions, stabilizing patterns.</p>
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1553-5231', '1078-0947']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2022031